PART IV

OBSERVATION ON TEACHER

4.1  Planning for teaching

          The teachers in Teeratada Phitsanulok School always create the lesson plan before they start to teach the students. It is purposed to make them easier when they are teaching in class, so that the teaching process can be reached orderly.

          The kinds of lesson plan in Teeratada Phitsanulok School same with lesson plan that I attached above. This lesson plan is almost similar with lesson plan in our country, but it is simpler one.

4.2  Preparing lessons and materials

          Preparing the class is the first thing that teachers do before they start teaching. In Teeratada Phitsanulok School, there is Hoikong Activity (it is an activity that teeratada Phitsanulok School always does in the morning before they start teaching and learning process). After Hoikong Activity, the teachers always go to their office first to prepare the class and the materials that they want to teach. Moreover, they will come to class earlier before all the student entry the class. The teachers help the students to make a good situation before they start teaching.

          For the materials, the teachers always create the materials based on the lesson plan, or sometimes they create the materials based on the books that they use. In this case, English teachers in Teeratada Phitsanulok School use Grammar Books One, Two and Three (created by Jennifer Seidl from OXFORD UNIVERSITY)

This is the example of the materials that I taught in Mattayom 2 Teeratada Phitsanulok School. 

Conditional Clause and Main Clause

If I have enough money, conditional clause	I will go to Japan.     main clause
I will go to Japan, main clause	if I have enough money     conditional clause

First, Second, and Third Conditional

1. First conditional:	If I have enough money, I will go to Japan.
2. Second conditional:	If I had enough money, I would go to Japan.
3. Third conditional:	If I had had enough money, I would have gone to Japan.

Conditional clause	Main clause
1. If + Present Tense	will + infinitive / present tense / imperative
a.        If you help me with the dishes (if + present simple), I will help you with your homework. (will + infinitive) b.      If the sum of the digits of a number is divisible by three, the number is divisible by three (Pres. tense) c.       If you see Mr. Fox tonight, tell him I am ill. (imperative).
2. If + Past Tense	would + infinitive
3. If + Past Perfect Tense	would have + past participle
We do not normally use will or would in the conditional clause, only in the main clause.

Uses of the Conditional

1.             First conditional

a.              Nature: Open condition, what is said in the condition is possible.

b.             Time: This condition refers either to present or to future time.
If he is late, we will have to go without him.
If my mother knows about this, we are in serious trouble.

2.      Second conditional

a.       Nature: unreal (impossible) or improbable situations.

b.      Time: present; the TENSE is past, but we are talking about the present, now.
If I knew her name, I would tell you.
If I were you, I would tell my father.
Compare: If I become president, I will change the social security system. (Said by a presidential candidate)
If I became president, I would change the social security system. (Said by a schoolboy: improbable)
If we win this match, we are qualified for the semifinals.
If I won a million pounds, I would stop teaching. (improbable)

3.      Third conditional

a.       Nature: unreal

b.      Time: Past (so we are talking about a situation that was not so in the past.)
If you had warned me, I would not have told your father about that party (But you didn't, and I have).

NB.

1. The conditional form does not normally use will or would in if-clauses. EXCEPTION: If will or would express willingness, as in requests, they can be used in if-clauses.

If you will come this way, the manager will see you now.
I would be grateful if you would give me a little help.
(= ± please, come this way; please, give me...)

2. For the second conditional, were replaces was:

If I were a rich man...

3. After if, we can either use "some (-one, -where...)" or "any (one, -where...).

If I have some spare time next weekend.... or :
If I have any spare time...

4. Instead of if not, we can use unless.

I'll be back tomorrow unless there is a plane strike.
He'll accept the job unless the salary is too low.

5.There is a "mixed type" as well, for the present results of an unreal condition in the past:

If + Past Perfect - would + inf.
If you had warned me [then], I would not be in prison [now].

4.3 Teaching in Class

          Teaching activities in the class based on the lesson plan that teacher made. But sometimes they don’t follow the rules of lesson plan base on the condition and situation in the class itself.

          For the opening activities, the teachers involve the students to discuss about previous materials especially that related with the materials that they want to discuss. Commonly the teacher will ask the students orally about the previous materials. This activity is aimed to recall students’ memorization about the materials. So that students will keep remember and understand the materials.

          The main activities, teachers explain the materials by presenting it on the PowerPoint, Microsoft Words, or sometimes they only use the whiteboard to introduce the materials, it depends on how difficult materials that will be learned by students. In the main activity, the teach

4.4 Measurement and Evaluation

In Basic Education Core Curriculum 2008, learning assessment can be divided into four levels, i.e., classroom level, educational institution level, educational service area level and national level, details of which are as follow.

1. Classroom assessment

Measurement and evaluation are part of the learning process. Teachers regularly and continuously measure and evaluate students’ performance in teaching-learning activities by using diverse assessment techniques, e.g., asking questions, observing, examining homework, assessing projects, tasks/assignments and portfolios, and using written tests, etc.

2. School assessment

This evaluation is conducted by the educational institution in order to appraise the learners’ achievements on an annual/semester basis, based on assessment of reading, analytical thinking and writing, desirable characteristics, and learner development activities. The aim is also to obtain relevant information about whether education provided by the educational institution has enabled learners to reach their goals of learning, and what are the learners’ strengths.

3. Local assessment

Evaluation is conducted in order to assess learners’ quality at educational service area level, based on the learning standards prescribed in the Basic Education Core Curriculum. It is aimed at obtaining basic information required for developing quality of education provided by the educational service area as mandated.

4. National test

Evaluation is conducted in order to assess learners’ quality at national level, based on the learning standards prescribed in the Basic Education Core Curriculum. Educational institutions are required to arrange for assessment of all students in Grades 3, 6, 9 and 12. The evaluation results will provide relevant data for comparing educational quality at different levels, which will be useful for planning in order to raise the quality of education provided. The data obtained will also support decision-making at national policy level.

Teeratada Phitsanulok School has 8 levels in measuring and evaluating as follows :

Grade	Significant	Score Range
4	Excellent	80-100
3.5	Very good	75-79
3	Good	70-74
2.5	Fairly good	65-69
2	Satisfactory	60-64
1.5	Rather satisfactory	55-59
1	Passed	50-54
0	Poor/failed	0-49

They have a ratio for assessing and scoring as follows :

Score before the final examination : final examination = 70 : 30

Criteria	Score
Test / assignment	20
Mid-term	20
Test / assignment	20
Conduct	10
Final examination	30
Total	100